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Heresy
17th century to the present · Eschatology

Annihilationism

Teaches that the lost will not suffer forever but will be destroyed and cease to exist, often joined to the belief that only the saved receive immortality.

The central claim

The wicked do not exist forever in conscious punishment. After judgment they are destroyed and pass out of existence, because immortality is God's gift to the saved alone.

ClassificationHeresy
PeriodPost-Reformation
Dates17th century to the present
Doctrine affectedEschatology

A heresy denies the Gospel or the God it reveals (Galatians 1:8).

Historical origins

Where It Began

A few early writers hinted at the destruction of the wicked, but the view did not take lasting shape until the Reformation era, when the Socinians denied the natural immortality of the soul and taught that the wicked would be annihilated.

In the nineteenth century, a movement often called conditional immortality argued that eternal life, and therefore eternal existence, is given only to those in Christ. Several new religious movements of that century made it official teaching, and in the late twentieth century a number of evangelical writers adopted it.

Major figures

The People Involved

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In a sentence

Why This Is Dangerous

It shortens the punishment Christ called everlasting (Matthew 25:46) and so lowers the weight of sin and the judgment from which the Gospel saves. It tells the lost that their punishment will end in nonexistence, when Christ warned that it will not.