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Lord Chancellor of England; opponent of Tyndale · 1478–1535

Thomas More

Lawyer, humanist, and author of Utopia, who served as Lord Chancellor from 1529 to 1532. Licensed by Bishop Tunstall to answer heretical books, he attacked Tyndale's New Testament in his Dialogue Concerning Heresies (1529) and Confutation of Tyndale's Answer (1532–1533), and as chancellor he pursued men who read and spread Tyndale's writings, several of whom were burned. He refused to accept Henry VIII as head of the church and was beheaded in 1535. Rome later declared him a saint.

Early life

A Lawyer's Son in London

Thomas More was born in London on 7 February 1478, the son of John More, a lawyer who later became a royal judge. As a boy he served as a page in the household of John Morton, archbishop of Canterbury and Lord Chancellor. He studied at Oxford for about two years before his father brought him home to train in the law, and he was called to the bar around 1502.

As a young lawyer he lived for a time near the London Charterhouse and shared the prayers of its Carthusian monks, testing whether he was called to the religious life. He chose marriage, but he kept a monk's disciplines all his life. Beneath his clothes he wore a hair shirt, which his daughter Margaret secretly washed for him.

He married Jane Colt in 1505, and they had four children. After her death in 1511 he married a widow, Alice Middleton, within weeks. More gave his daughters the same education in Latin, Greek, and philosophy as his son, which was rare in his day, and his eldest, Margaret Roper, became one of the most learned women in England.

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