Romans 9: God's Purpose and Israel's Stumbling
God's word to Israel has not failed: His promises have always run through the line He chose by His call, not by birth or works, His mercy and His hardening are always righteous, and Israel stumbled because she sought righteousness by works and not by faith.
The lesson walks through the topic one card at a time. The full study is the complete written article, with its sources.
Explain why Romans 9 follows Romans 8, and what question Paul answers in chapters 9 to 11.
Walk through Paul's sorrow, the children of promise, Jacob and Esau, Pharaoh, the potter, and the remnant in their Old Testament settings.
Show from 9:30-33 the reason Paul himself gives for Israel's stumbling.
State the Reformed reading of individual election fairly, and explain Theologica's reading and why.